Actuation devices are considered to be the muscles of a robot. They are the parts which convert stored energy into movements. Electric motors are the most popular actuators currently in use, but other actuators exist which are powered by chemicals or compressed air. Other kinds of motors are stepper motors, Piezo motors, air muscles, electroactive polymers, and elastic nanotubes.
Smart Remote Actuators
The two most promising technologies that are presently being researched are electroactive polymers and elastic nanotubes. The polymers are a type of plastic which can change shape as a response to electrical stimulation. Meanwhile, elastic nanotubes can deform by several percent due to the absence of defects in the tubes. Theoretically, human biceps could be replaced by this material.
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